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Math and science::Theory of Computation::Modal theory

Term and formula assignment

In a previous card, it was described how an L-structure and a variable assignment fuction act together to identify a set theoretic interpretation for every symbol of a language. For terms and formulas, they have an interpretation assigned to them by a term assignment function and a formula assignment function. Terms get assigned to elements while (some) formulas get assigned "truth" (also called "satisfaction").

Term assignment function

Let L be a language, and let U be an L-structure for the language. Let A be the universe of U and let s be a variable assignment function.

The term assignment function, denoted s¯, is a mapping of terms to elements of A. It is defined recursively and is fully determined by the combination of the L-structure and the variable assignment function.

Let t be a term, then:

  • if t is a variable symbol, [s¯(t)=?]
  • if t is a constant symbol c, [s¯(t)=?]
  • if t is ft1t2...tn for some function and term symbols, then [s¯(t)=fU(?) ]

Formulas get a very different mapping.

Formula assignment: truth/satisfaction

Let L be a language, and let U be an L-structure for the language. Let A be the universe of U and let s be a variable assignment function (and s¯ the resulting term assignment function).

Let ϕ be a formula valid in L. We say that ϕ is true in U, or that U satisfies ϕ, and we write Uϕ, iff one of the following conditions holds:

  1. ϕ:≡Rt1t2...tn and [??].
  2. ϕ:≡(αβ) and [condition 1] or [condition 2].
  3. ϕ:≡x(α) and for each element aA,Uα[s(x|a)].
  4. ϕ:¬(α) and Uα[s].

Uϕ means it's not the case that Uϕ.

There is a discussion about the meaning of on the back side.